February 25 2010
Anatomy of a Web spam campaign
The market for essay writing seems to be heating up, judging by the spam comments that we’re blocking at Best SEO Blog and SEO Theory. For a few weeks I have found myself marking various off-topic comments as spam on both blogs.
Many of the email accounts associated with these comments are from Gmail.com, one of the worst sources of forum and blog spam at the present time. Google, of course, claims it works hard to find these accounts and disable them but they apparently are being created by contractors and/or firms in India, Pakistan, and Malaysia (and probably a few other countries where labor is inexpensive by U.S. and European standards).
The powers behind this particular essay campaign appear to be based in Canada, although I cannot be 100% certain of that. The domain receiving the links is quality-papers.com, which appears to be using a standard Wordpress template that would have been quick to set up.
Terms the comment spammers are targeting include “classification essay writing”, “essay writing service”, and other variations on “essay writing”. These essay writing spam links don’t see the light of day on our blogs but I am sure they have slammed past many bloggers’ defenses (assuming they all have defenses).
A quick check of quality-papers.com’s link profile as reported by Yahoo! Site Explorer indicates there may be as many as 91,000 links pointing to the domain (many of them appear to be site-wide links). I have no interest in validating that link data. I’m pretty sure someone is conducting a huge, massive link spam campaign on behalf of the domain.
When I look at the various queries that quality-papers.com is being targeted for, it doesn’t rank all that well. Take “classification essay writing”, for example. It appears that quality-papers.com is ranking around the 10th position.
The top-ranked site for “classification essay writing”, essayinfo.com, appears to have fewer than 2,000 reported inbound links. Like many of the sites involved in this query space, essayinfo.com appears to be anonymously registered, so tracking down the owner would be a challenge (although you might be surprised to learn there are ways to track down some of these anonymous registrants).
Essayinfo.com is a made-for-advertising site. Quality-papers.com appears to have neither advertising nor outbound links. For a site that has been online since at least December 2008, that’s a very suspicious signal.
The articles you’ll find on quality-papers.com are the nondescript kind which are commonly found in the affiliate marketing industry. They appear to have been written by low-quality overseas contract writers. I could be wrong. They could be scraped or original content written by the owner.
Normally, I would not care about a site like this. The fact it keeps popping into our comment streams, however, is annoying. Besides, I needed to write an article today and this seemed like a good topic.
If I had to guess what its purpose is, I would suggest that quality-papers.com is trying to get in someone’s way. I would guess that the owner probably wants to position the site highly enough that one of the major competitors in the industry will make a bid for it.
In some affiliate marketing verticals Websites can change hands for as much as several million dollars (US). It depends on whether the real money-makers — the people selling the goods or services — conclude that it would be cheaper to take possession of the domain than to pay the affiliate marketer commissions.
When there is no advertising on a site that gets in a marketer’s way, the site may be looking for bidders, as any marketer who fails to capture significant market share in these highly competitive verticals stands to lose a lot of potential revenue.
Of course, quality-papers.com could be serving other purposes. For example, it could be a spam test site. The spammer might be trying to see how effective his linking resources are. If we assume for the sake of discussion that all the “essay writing” queries resemble those I have given a cursory examination, then it would seem that high numbers of links are not winning the game.
In other words, our spammer appears to be relying mostly on low-value or no-value links. The links may be easy to acquire but they don’t seem to be helping much.
And there could be other, more (or less) nefarious reasons for attempting to rank an unmonetized site in a competitive query space. For example, maybe someone just wants to showcase the “value” of their essay writing service (hosted on another domain) to prospective clients.
Showcase sites are useful but if someone is touting the search engine value of their custom essays, people who buy that content should be sure to do a little bit of research. Make sure you understand the queries in which the essays are being promoted. That means looking at who is ranking, what they seem to be trying to accomplish, and how they are ranking.
We don’t know how much of a factor backlinks are in the essay writing vertical (probably not nearly as much as many SEOs would assume). That is, people may be building (or stealing) links in huge volumes, but the majority of the links probably don’t pass value.
Still, the fact that someone would go to the trouble of acquiring almost 100,000 links to an unmonetized domain implies they don’t have much if any faith in the quality of their writing from an SEO perspective.
NOTE: The third-ranked site for “classification essay writing”, custom-essays.org, appears to be catering to the high school and college essay cheating market. Yahoo! reports fewer than 1,000 inbound links for that domain.
Keep in mind that Yahoo! only knows about the links it has found (or thinks it has found). Do not mistake the Yahoo! numbers as an indication of what Google or Bing have found or allow to pass value. Each search engine does its own crawling. Attempts to measure overlap in the major search engines in the past estimated that there is no more than 40-60% overlap in their data.
That means you cannot use any third-party tool (like Yahoo!, Linkscape, Majestic SEO, et. al.) to analyze how links affect the search results in Google (or bing). I used Yahoo! Site Explorer to get a rough idea of who is aggressively building links.
In my experience, the most aggressive link builders tend to be doing SEO the wrong way. That doesn’t mean every site that has 100,000 backlinks is doing SEO the wrong way. If all the players in a vertical have 6-digit backlink profiles, they may be attracting those links naturally or the query spaces may have become hyperoptimized (everyone is building links to compete with everyone — which is the only way to work in a hyperoptimized query).
When a site that cannot rank well has ten-to-fifty times as many links as the sites outranking it, you really have to ask which SEO book, blog, or forum the site promoter has been following.
It just seems to me that someone is going to a lot of trouble to create false value in a site that doesn’t achieve much.
Is that any way you want to optimize for search? Think about it.
Written by Michael Martinez